The Impact of Different Environments on Productive Performance, Welfare, and the Health of Muscovy Ducks during the Summer Season

The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence housing system (deep litter [DL] vs. deep with swimming pond [DLSP]) on productive performance, carcass traits, body temperature, blood profile, and element composition femur tibia in Muscovy ducks. At 5 weeks age, sexed ducklings (264) were divided into 4 equal groups according gender (drakes ducks). as follows: 66 drakes/DL, drakes/DLSP, ducks/DL, ducks/DLSP. Each four three identical replicated subgroups 22 animals. Regarding external DL birds had higher temperatures compared DLSP birds. In addition, drakes lower temperature values than analysis, did not manifest any deviations biochemical traits blood. greater live weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, but a proportion breast meat conditions affect fracture toughness birds; however, ducks from group more Ca Mg